Protesters march for women's safety in India on New Year's Eve

Protesters in India's major cities demanded safety for women in the wake of the death Friday of a 23-year-old woman who was gang raped in Delhi.

By Shivam Vij,?Correspondent / December 31, 2012

Demonstrators burn an effigy depicting rapists during a protest in New Delhi December 30. The body of a woman whose gang rape provoked protests and rare national debate about violence against women in India arrived back in New Delhi early on Sunday and was quickly cremated at a private ceremony.

Danish Siddiqui/Reuters

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Groups of protesters in India's top cities of Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata rang in the new year with candle light marches and protest songs to demand safety for women in the wake of the death Friday of a 23-year-old woman who was raped and brutally assaulted in a bus in the capital.

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The protests were called "Take Back the Night," emphasizing that women had the right to be out in the city in the night. Men are generally more visible outside the home in India, particularly at night time. The rallies come in the wake of comments by several politicians that the increase in rape was caused by women wearing make-up or mini-skirts.

The female victim remains unidentified in media reports, but her story has transfixed India for the past fortnight. Calls have intensified for reforms of the police and judicial system which rarely punishes rapists. Analysts point out, however, that legal reform can only go so far without changing underlying cultural attitudes that keep women from full public participation. ?

The protest in the cities tonight aimed at starting to change the culture, and in the case of Delhi, pushed back on speech controls by a government that has been slow to empathize with the popular outrage. Rally organizers here did?not take police permission, which is not easily forthcoming for areas not demarcated for protests. Police presence was light, in contrast to police crack-down on protesters a week ago.

"This is a turning point in which a new generation is redefining the contract between the state and the citizen as also between the genders," says political commentator Shuddhabrata Sengupta. "It is great that while many of the protesters are angry, ... they refused to be blackmailed into calling for capital punishment."

In Delhi, around 200 protesters, men and women alike, gathered at the cinema complex where the deceased woman had gone to see a movie with a friend before boarding the bus in which she was raped and assaulted. They marched from the cinema complex to a prominent mall a kilometer away. Not far from here, the bus stand where she had boarded the bus became a memorial with wreaths and candles.

The protesters chanted slogans to the beat of cymbals demanding azadi, or freedom, for women: "Azadi in the night, in the day, in the mall, in the bus, in the train, in pubs and offices and in the Parliament too; azadi to love and marry, and to not marry, from moral policing, to choose our partners, to dance, to not follow dress codes, to not be raped."

One of the organizers, Rakhi Sehgal, says, "Our effort is to give the message that the night belongs to us. We want to be able to walk the streets in the night without fear of sexual harassment." She said that police patrols in the night should be increased. "Currently, if a policeman sees us on the road he asks us not if we are fine but what we are doing out so late. That needs to change," she said.

Although the protests were small in size amid the crackers that welcomed the new year, some new year's parties were cancelled, including by India's defense forces. Many neighborhoods across Delhi and its suburbs held candle-light vigils and marches since the woman's death.

Bangalore-based artist Jasmen Patheja has ran the Blank Noise Project?against street sexual harassment since 2003, which has, among other?interventions, held midnight events to reclaim the street.

Ms. Patheja, who participated in a similar protest today in Kolkata, says, "Something is changing. I feel it. Reports on sexual assaults earlier would come with warnings for women to 'be careful' and blame. But now we're at a tipping point when many are unlearning such warnings and asserting our rights." ? ?

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/64Ax_D49zow/Protesters-march-for-women-s-safety-in-India-on-New-Year-s-Eve

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UFC 155: Dos Santos vs. Velasquez 2 Results

MMA Fighting brings you UFC 155: Dos Santos vs. Velasquez 2 results. UFC 155 takes place at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas. The event is headlined by a fight between UFC heavyweight champion Junior dos Santos and Cain Velasquez. In the co-main event, Jim Miller will square off against Joe Lauzon.

Live

7 Total Updates since December 29, 2012

Source: http://www.mmafighting.com/2012/12/29/3812402/ufc-155-dos-santos-vs-velasquez-2-results

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Say again?: Scientific writing and publishing in non-English ...

In the scientific world, there is an unspoken rule that researchers must be fluent in English in order to obtain international recognition for their work. Even if one does not speak fluent English, the researcher should at least possess a certain level of understanding in the language in order to access and read scientific literature, which are usually only available in English. In fact, it has become one of the main characteristics that employers actively seek for in young research talents. As a result, it is common for scholars to publish their academic work in English, even though English is not their native language, whereas scientists who are not fluent in English struggle to gain recognition for their work, or even survive in the ever increasingly competitive world of academia.

While having an international scientific language allows for better communication among researchers from all around the world, there are two caveats in applying this readily-accepted rule: 1) What happens to research findings that are published in languages other than English? 2) How do researchers readily apply knowledge and insights gained from scientific research findings published in English in non-English-speaking countries?

A colleague of mine was invited recently to be a guest lecturer at a university in Kazakhstan. While at it, she took the opportunity to learn more about the current progress of her area of research in the country, and was astounded by the abundance of research work that has been conducted in the past 20 years but was either left unpublished or only published in Kazakh. Mind you, Kazakhstan is one of the youngest countries in the world, having gained its independence in 1991 and still finding its footing ? imagine the plethora of research that has been carried out in much older non-English speaking countries. Now, think about the research literature published in English that we have been relying on to conduct comparative studies and systematic reviews; and those published in other languages that we have ignored. Adding them altogether, this is the amount of research data and knowledge that we, as part of the international scientific community, are missing out.

Researchers in the non-English speaking scientific community faces various practical difficulties caused by the demand for English publications as well. Researchers usually aim to gain international recognition, as opposed to national recognition, for the research works they have carried out. Thus, non-native English speaking researchers are usually more inclined to publish their research in international journals that are usually in English language. However, as a member of the society, it is also important to disseminate one?s research findings and make it accessible to the non-academicians such as journalists and research-based practitioners in order to reap the benefits of the research outcomes. Thus, when the academician works in a non-English speaking country, there is a need to publish research results in the native language of the country. Since a research can only be published in one journal, this creates a significant dilemma among researchers in choosing between establishing one?s own career and contributing to the society.

Fortunately, we are starting to see efforts ? though few ? being made in boosting accessibility to research publications in languages other than English, which are driven by the Open Access movement. Articles published in Open Access journals can be translated and redistributed without the need to request for permission. In addition, Open Access journals such as The Public Library of Science are now encouraging authors to submit manuscripts written in their native languages along with the manuscript in English as supplementary documents (Editorial, 2006). Multilingual publications will not only help increase scientific visibility of researchers from non-English scientific community, but also help prevent cases of author misconduct such as duplicate publications (see e.g. Committee on Publication Ethics, 2007).

Some might be skeptical about the quality of the research conducted in non-English speaking countries, but that argument is a reason in itself to support the importance of publishing research bilingually. Making research findings available to both English and non-English speaking scientific communities will help in making easier for both communities to evaluate the quality of the research. As another solution to the issue of research quality, more and more countries are making efforts to increase recognition for scientific contributions by publishing research in their own language, and encouraging bilingual scientists to translate these research findings into English. In fact, this is not something new. Long before English became the lingua franca of the scientific world, Latin was arguably the only acceptable written language for sharing scientific knowledge amongst scholars in the west (Gunnarsson, 2011). This was back in the 18^th century; until scholars began to promote language diversity in the scientific community by writing research findings in their native languages, including German, Italian, and English (Meneghini & Packer, 2007), which we all know through the world history, after years of colonizations and war, English replaced Latin as the international scientific language. While it is still uncertain whether the recurrent trend of diversifying scientific languages will be beneficial to the scientific community as a whole, it is a good initiative to encourage accessibility as well as transparency of scientific research.

In conjunction with the efforts to reduce language barrier in scientific communication, ResearchGate, a social networking hub exclusive for researchers, has recently rolled out a new feature on their site that allows researchers to share and publish all of their research data, regardless of whether they are of negative or positive results, and whether they have been peer-reviewed or not. Although the main aim of this feature is to decrease file-drawer effects as well as to increase the accessibility of research, the ability to share research data of any format or version also means that researchers can share their own publications with other researchers in languages other than English. At the same time, these publications are directly linked to the researcher?s profile, thus enhancing one?s credibility in his or her field of research.

That said, writing manuscripts in more than one language are an extra effort. It is not surprising if some of you might be turned off by the idea of ?social inclusion? of non-English scientific community halfway through this article. Perhaps, we might just be lucky enough to witness the birth of advanced virtual translators that are able to translate scientific texts accurately in the future, which will save us the hassle of manual translation. But is it worth to wait for that day to come, and until then, what?s your take?

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References

Committee on Publication Ethics (2007). Duplicate publication in a non-English language journal (Case 07-42). Retrieved from: http://publicationethics.org/case/duplicate-publication-non-english-language-journal

Editorial (2006). Ich weiss nicht was soll es bedeuten: Language matters in medicine. The Public Library of Science Medicine. 3(2), e122. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030122

Gunnarsson, B. (Ed.). (2011). Introduction. In Languages of science in the eighteenth century (pp. 3 ? 24). Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.

Meneghini, R., & Packer, A. L. (2007). Is there science beyond English? Initiatives to increase the quality and visibility of non-English publications might help break down language barrier in scientific communication. The European Molecular Biology Organization Report, 8(2), 112 ? 116. doi: 10.1038/sj.embor.7400906

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_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yee Row Liew is an Editor of the JEPS Bulletin, who has a wide research background and experience that range from?plant genetics?to psychology. Having completed her?postgraduate study just recently?in?Psychological Research Methods from Anglia Ruskin University, United Kingdom,?she is now working as a research assistant at the Global Sustainability Institute. She?hopes to gain further knowledge in?the study of?emotion, cognition,?and motivation, in pursuit of her love for?scientific?research.

Tags: English, English-speaking scientific community, international scientific language, multilingual publications, non-English speaking scientific community

Source: http://jeps.efpsa.org/blog/2012/12/30/1537/

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Sony Releases Beta Flash Tool for Unlocked Xperia Devices

When you purchase a device, it?s always desirable to be able to use it as you wish. Sadly, this is often not the case. This is because most of the time, people purchase devices with a carrier subsidy. What this means is that essentially the carrier is letting you purchase the device at a reduced rate, say $300 off suggested retail, with the terms of a contract stating you will stay with them for (usually) two years. This guarantees that they will keep their ARPU (average revenue per user) over that time.

The trade off is that if you break the contract, they will charge you an ETF (early-termination fee), which adds up to the same amount they ?discounted? the phone for, prorated of course. Usually rolled in with that trade off is an agreement between the manufacturer and the carrier that the bootloader is locked, giving the carrier the full control of the device instead of you.?Of course, with the talented developers here at XDA-Developers,?bootloaders are often hacked, returning the control of the device to the user.

What often doesn?t happen though is manufacturers deciding to give you control of the device on their own, which is exactly what Sony has done with their beta flash tool they call ?Emma.? Sure Samsung ?leaked? ODIN, but that?s entirely different. This is Sony creating a tool and freely making it available, and then going the extra step to show you how to use it. The tool is for the Xperia S, Xperia Arc, Xperia Arc S, and Xperia T, with more devices to be added in the future. Emma is essentially a ?return to stock? tool that will work regardless of what software you currently have installed on your Xperia device, though it does require the bootloader be unlocked which Sony is again more than happy to show you how to do. The other requirements for the tool are that you have Windows installed and a current version of JAVA.

You can use the tool to choose between different stock versions of firmware, which the tool will automatically download for you from Sony?s servers. There are some quirky things with the tool however, with the connection to the Sony servers being?temperamental?and general JAVA issues. That said, the tool is still in beta, so head on over to the?discussion thread?to address any issues you might be having and to download the tool.

?

Google+

Source: http://www.xda-developers.com/android/sony-releases-beta-flash-tool-for-xperia-unlocked-devices/

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The Beauty of International Comparative Law in Vietnam

Law students from The John Marshall Law School and Vietnam National University School of Law, and representatives from Vietnam Lawyers' Association

The amount of warmth and hospitality that we have been shown since we have arrived in Vietnam is almost awe inspiring given the short period of time that has passed since the U.S. war in Vietnam. Today we attended our first day of law study meetings in Hanoi, and we received the same warm greetings that we have received everywhere in the city. Our discussions of the day began at the Galaxy Law Firm where Professor Nguyen Khac Hai, Head of International Cooperation of Vietnam-American Law Center of the Vietnam Lawyers? Association, gave an overview of Vietnam?s penal code and criminal procedure code. Professor Hai informed us that the U.S.-Vietnam law study exchange was the first of its kind. This is the first time in the post-war relations between the U.S. and Vietnam that the Vietnamese government has invited a U.S. law school to its country to discuss the development of law and the legal system in Vietnam. Through our discussions, we learned about the impact of international human rights law in Vietnam?s legal development. We also had the opportunity to ask questions regarding comparative criminal laws and constitutional laws between Vietnam and the United States.

One interesting area of criminal law where we noted a stark difference is the sentencing limitations for juvenile offenders of serious crimes. Death penalty and life in prison for juveniles is treated very differently between the nations. Juveniles have long been protected against the death penalty and unusual punishment in Vietnam, while a constitutional debate has waged in the U.S. over what rights juveniles retain. Prior to the recent U.S. Supreme Court decision in 2005, states could impose the death penalty on juveniles at the ages of 17 and 18. Only recently has the U.S. made headway on juvenile justice, finally ruling that mandatory life sentences and the death penalty for juveniles are unconstitutional. Discussions with Professor Chu Hong Thanh, Deputy Secretary General of The Vietnam Lawyers? Association, and Professor Hai helped to illustrate the need to integrate the international human rights standards into the Vietnamese criminal justice system.

From left: Dean Ruebner, Professor Thanh, Professor Dana, Teresa Do

Comparative analysis of Vietnam?s Constitution

The Constitution of Vietnam has been revised four times since the Declaration of Independence of Vietnam, following the end of World War II.? The current version was adopted in 1992, and the last constitutional amendment was passed in 2001. There is a movement in Vietnam today to amend and streamline the Vietnam Constitution and to incorporate international human rights standards into the Constitution.? Scholars and lawyers in Vietnam are consulting legal scholars and experts from around the world to find ways of improving the Vietnam Constitution. The John Marshall Law School is also contributing to this process. For instance, Professor Thanh raised questions concerning effective constitutional provisions ensuring checks and balances between main branches of government. In our discussions today, John Marshall law students questioned the absence of judicial review which would allow the courts to invalidate unconstitutional legislation. Furthermore, the students recommended inclusion of a new Supremacy Clause that would recognize international treaties and humanitarian law as part of domestic law.? This is a great opportunity for The John Marshall Law School, and it is a great honor to work with the Vietnamese government to ensure full constitutional protection for the people of Vietnam.

Law Study session on the Vietnam's Penal Code and Criminal Procedure Code

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This entry was posted in Human Rights 2012, Vietnam. Bookmark the permalink. Comments are closed, but you can leave a trackback: Trackback URL.

Source: http://blog.jmls.edu/aroundtheworld/2012/12/the-beauty-of-international-comparative-law-in-vietnam/

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Kanye West Spouts Cold Confessions In Atlantic City

Alone onstage, Yeezy gets intimate in first of three casino concerts.
By Mary J. DiMeglio

Kanye West [file]
Photo:

Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1699494/kanye-west-revel-atlantic-city.jhtml

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Twitter stoush between MPs

MSNBC - Saturday 29th December, 2012

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On Facebook, I?m connected to a lot of people who are not my friends. Over the years, as my Facebook friend list grows, it?s made me increasingly uncomfortable that I seem to know so ...

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Vatican City, 29 November 2012 (VIS) - Benedict XVI is now present on Twitter. All related information will be reported on Monday 3 December at a press conference to be held in the Holy See Press ...

Michigan social media privacy law signed by governor

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Four Big Questions for Social Media in 2013

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Salem Police Track Down Graffiti Vandal Who Tagged Building With Twitter Handle

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Dish Network CEO Joseph Clayton talks about Hopper Blockbuster wireless mergers

Business Journal - Saturday 29th December, 2012

Joseph Clayton, Dish Network's CEO, at his Douglas County office. Dish Network Corp. founder Charlie Ergen grabs headlines for his crusade to create a multibillion-dollar wireless broadband ...

How We Used Facebook to Power Our Investigation Into Patient Harm

ProPublica - Saturday 29th December, 2012

A typical investigation might proceed like this: a journalist spends months (or more) reporting, keeps it fairly hush-hush, writes several stories, and then monitors comments and the social web as ...

How to Fix Facebook

Fox News - Saturday 29th December, 2012

NEW YORK ? A woman I haven't spoken to in six years is pregnant with her second son. Another college acquaintance reads the Bible a lot. A high school classmate likes to rant about ...

Social Medias Biggest Turn Offs

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According to the social media gurus at SocialToaster in Baltimore, here are some surefire ways to lose followers on your social networking ...

Source: http://www.calcuttanews.net/index.php/sid/211660973/scat/63e88d54af0cf473

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South Africa: Mandela convalesces at home

JOHANNESBURG (AP) ? South Africa's presidency says it has no updates on the condition of former leader Nelson Mandela, who is convalescing at home after a hospital stay and is reported to be doing better.

The South African Press Association quotes presidential spokesman Mac Maharaj as saying Saturday that he has no new information on 94-year-old Mandela, who was released from a hospital on Wednesday. The former president, who spent 27 years in prison under apartheid, was admitted Dec. 8 and received treatment for a lung infection.

He also had a procedure to remove gallstones.

Maharaj previously said doctors have noted progress in Mandela's condition but will continue to treat him at his home in the Johannesburg neighborhood of Houghton.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/south-africa-mandela-convalesces-home-123729822.html

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Gun Control Support Soars In New Polls

Support for tighter gun control laws continues to rise in the wake of the school shooting in Newtown, Conn., according to a new HuffPost/YouGov poll, and another new poll finds that support for stricter gun laws is at its highest point in years.

In the new HuffPost/YouGov survey of 1,000 adults conducted Dec. 21-22, 55 percent of Americans said that gun control laws should be made more strict, 13 percent said they should be made less strict, and 27 percent said there should be no change. Support for stricter laws in the new poll is even higher than it was in another HuffPost/YouGov poll conducted immediately after the shooting took place, when 50 percent of respondents said that that gun control laws should be made stricter.

A USA Today/Gallup poll released Thursday also found that American support for stricter guns laws is at its highest since 2004, but that blanket bans on some guns would remain a political challenge.

The Gallup poll of 1,038 adults, conducted Dec. 19-22, found 47 percent of Americans now favor passing new gun laws rather than simply ramping up enforcement of current law, a 12-year high. Fifty-eight percent of Americans would like to see stricter gun laws, a 15-point jump since October 2011. The poll had a 4 percentage point margin of error.

But underneath a broad openness to some changes, opinions on specific new restrictions varied sharply in the Gallup poll. Support for requiring background checks at gun shows, a measure proposed by President Barack Obama, is nearly unanimous, with 92 percent favoring the change. A proposed ban on semi-automatic guns, however, earns a much smaller majority of support. Public support for a ban on handguns has continued to drop, reaching a record low this year, with just a quarter in favor.

In spite of growing support for stricter gun laws, the HuffPost/YouGov survey found that the National Rifle Association, the leading gun rights advocacy group in the nation, receives higher positive than negative ratings, though negative views of the organization may be increasing in the wake its statement blaming the Newtown shooting on violence in the media and calling for armed guards to be placed in schools. Forty percent of respondents said they have a favorable opinion and 36 percent said they have an unfavorable opinion of the organization, while 24 percent said they were unsure. An earlier YouGov poll conducted in February for the Economist found that the NRA was ranked more favorably than unfavorably by a 36 percent to 28 percent margin, suggesting that unfavorable views of the organization may be increasing faster than favorable views.

Support for the NRA was highest among respondents who said that either they or members of their household belong to the group; 93 percent of NRA members and 71 percent of those with an NRA member in their household had a favorable opinion of the organization.

Overall, 10 percent of respondents said they or someone in their household is an NRA member, while 41 percent said they or someone in their household owns a gun. Among those in non-NRA households, 41 percent viewed the group unfavorably while 34 percent viewed it favorably. Views were more decidedly against the NRA among those living in households where nobody owns a gun, with 45 percent viewing it unfavorably and 26 percent viewing it favorably.

The poll also found mixed reviews of the NRA's proposal to place armed guards in every American school, but with support outpacing opposition. Overall, 45 percent of respondents said they either approved or strongly approved of the proposal, while 41 percent said they disapproved or strongly disapproved.

The survey found that both gun owners in general and NRA members in particular were much less likely than the general public to say that gun laws should be made more strict. Past surveys of NRA members and gun owners, however, including one conducted in July of this year by Republican pollster Frank Luntz, have found that NRA members do support certain gun control measures, such as increased use of background checks and requiring gun owners to complete gun safety training.

The HuffPost/YouGov poll has a margin of error of plus or minus 3.3 percentage points, though that inherent variation does not take into account other potential sources of error, including statistical bias in the sample. The poll used a sample selected from YouGov's opt-in online panel to match the demographics and other characteristics of the adult U.S. population. Factors considered include age, race, gender, education, employment, income, marital status, number of children, voter registration, time and location of Internet access, interest in politics, religion and church attendance.

The Huffington Post has teamed up with YouGov to conduct daily opinion polls. You can learn more about this project, and take part in YouGov?s nationally representative opinion polling.

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/12/27/gun-control-support-poll_n_2370265.html

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Income taxes going up for the very rich in Ontario and Quebec in 2013

The Canadian Press - ONLINE EDITION

By: Craig Wong, The Canadian Press

Posted: 12/28/2012 4:01 AM | Comments: | Last Modified: 12/28/2012 3:54 PM

Enlarge Image

The Canada Revenue Agency headquarters in Ottawa is shown on November 4, 2011. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Sean Kilpatrick

OTTAWA - Canadians will have a little more room to contribute to their Tax Free Savings Accounts as the calendar flips over, but they'll have to wait until the federal budget to see if there will be any more new savings on their taxes.

"Typically when there are new deductions, they announce them in the budget and you get them in that year," said Jason Safar, a tax partner at PwC.

"If it is good news they want to get it out and if it is bad news and you announce it, you might as well implement it because people are angry about it anyway."

And with the federal and provincial governments in deficit slaying mode, Safar said don't get your hopes up for big moves come budget day.

"I haven't heard any rumblings of any significant changes," he said.

For the very wealthy in Ontario though, the new year brings bad news from the tax man ? the top rate for the biggest earners in the province will creep a little higher for those earning more than $500,000.

Jeff Paisley, a senior manager at Deloitte, said those earning more than $500,000 a year saw the top combined federal-provincial marginal rate increase to 47.97 per cent from 46.41 this year.

The rate goes up again on Jan. 1, 2013 to 49.53 per cent, he said.

"So, that's a bit of an increase," Paisely said. "Does the average Canadian get hit by this? I wouldn't say so."

And in Quebec, the marginal tax rate will also edge up, though it kicks in at just $100,000.

"The highest marginal rate in Quebec for 2012 was 48.22 per cent and now the highest marginal rate in Quebec as of Jan. 1 is going to increase to 49.97 per cent," Paisely said.

The TFSA account contribution limit is going up from $5,000 a year ago to $5,500 for 2013.

Canadians will also see certain income tax and benefit amounts increase two per cent for inflation.

The federal tax bracket thresholds will all increase by two per cent, with the top bracket of 29 per cent not kicking in until taxable income of $135,054 for 2013, up from $132,406 for 2012.

Amounts for several non-refundable tax credits also increase, including the basic personal amount which will stand at $11,038, up from $10,822.

In Ontario, seniors and those who live with them will also be able to take full advantage of the Healthy Homes Renovation Tax Credit that allows people to claim up to $10,000 worth of eligible home improvements that was announced late in 2012.

"Unless someone had a renovation that they were planning to do, they weren't going to squeeze that in," Safar said of the measure which could save Ontarians up to $1,500.

Source: http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/business/finance/income-taxes-going-up-for-the-very-rich-in-ontario-and-quebec-in-2013-185027291.html

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Americans from Central African Republic capital evacuated

Reuters

Hundreds protest in front of the French Embassy in the Bangui, Central African Republic, on Wednesday, expressing anger over the lack of response by the former colonial power to rebels advancing on the capital.

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By NBC News and wire services

U.S. diplomats and other American citizens have been evacuated from the Central African Republic and U.S. embassy operations have been suspended in the capital, Bangui, the State Department said Thursday. The move came as?rebel forces?advanced on the city.

"This decision is solely due to concerns about the security of our personnel and has no relation to our continuing and long-standing diplomatic relations with the (Central African Republic)," said State Department spokesman Patrick Ventrell.

Insurgents on motorbikes and in pickup trucks have driven to within 45 miles of Bangui after weeks of fighting, threatening to end President Francois Bozize's nearly 10-year rule over the turbulent, resource-rich country.

Bozize appealed to the United States and France to help push back the rebels.

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Some U.S. Special Forces are operating in the country, trying to track down the Lords Resistance Army, a rebel group responsible for killing thousands of civilians across four African nations.?There was no indication that these forces would be used to aid Bozize against the advancing insurgents.

Earlier a senior defense official told NBC News that there were "several hundred" civilians, including Americans and citizens of close U.S. allies who may be evacuated, but comments by the State Department's Ventrell suggested fewer had left:?

"Ambassador (Laurence) Wohlers and his diplomatic team left Bangui today along with several private U.S. citizens," according to Ventrell.

The non-combatant evacuation operation transported "U.S. citizens and designated foreign nationals to safe havens in the region," according to a statement from?Defense Department spokesman Todd Breasseale. The flight out of Bangui was "wheels up" at about 7:15 p.m. ET.?

Paris said its troops would protect French nationals, but not be involved in repelling the rebels.?

Some 1,200 French nationals live in the CAR, mostly in the capital, according to the French Foreign Ministry, where they typically work for mining firms or aid groups.

French nuclear energy group Areva mines the Bakouma uranium deposit in the CAR's south ? France's biggest commercial interest in its former colony.?

Bozize on Thursday appealed for French and U.S. military support to stop the SELEKA rebel coalition, which has promised to overthrow him unless he implements a previous peace deal in full.

France: 'Those days are over'
He told a crowd of anti-rebel protesters in the riverside capital that he had asked Paris and Washington to help move the rebels away from the capital to clear the way for peace talks which regional leaders say could be held soon in Libreville, Gabon.

"We are asking our cousins the French and the United States, which are major powers, to help us push back the rebels to their initial positions in a way that will permit talks in Libreville to resolve this crisis," Bozize said.

Georges Gobet / AFP - Getty Images file

Central African Republic President Francois Bozize in 2008.

France has 250 soldiers in its landlocked former colony as part of a peacekeeping mission and Paris in the past has ousted or propped up governments ? including by using air strikes to defend Bozize against rebels in 2006.

But French President Francois Hollande poured cold water on the latest request for help.

"If we have a presence, it's not to protect a regime, it's to protect our nationals and our interests and in no way to intervene in the internal business of a country, in this case the Central African Republic," Hollande said on the sidelines of a visit to a wholesale food market outside Paris.

"Those days are over," he said.

France is increasingly reluctant to directly intervene in conflicts in its former colonies. Since coming to power in May, Hollande has promised to put ties with its former colonies on a healthier footing.

The rebel advance has highlighted the instability of a country that has remained poor since independence from Paris in 1960 despite rich deposits of uranium, gold and diamonds. Average income is barely over $2 a day.

Regional African leaders, meantime, tried to broker a ceasefire deal and rebels said they had temporarily halted their advance on Bangui to allow talks to take place.

Officials from around central Africa were to meet in Bangui later on Thursday to open initial talks with the government and rebels.

A rebel spokesman said fighters had temporarily halted their advance to allow dialogue.

"We will not enter Bangui," Col. Djouma Narkoyo, the rebel spokesman, told Reuters by telephone.

Previous rebel promises to stop advancing have been broken, and a diplomatic source said rebels had taken up positions around Bangui on Thursday, effectively surrounding it.

The atmosphere remained tense in Bangui the day after anti-rebel protests broke out, and residents were stocking up on food and water.

Government soldiers deployed at strategic sites and French troops reinforced security at the French embassy after protesters threw rocks at the building on Wednesday.

Bozize came to power in a 2003 rebellion that overthrew President Ange-Felix Patasse.

The government holds little sway outside the capital, and in some parts of the country, the consequences of conflicts in troubled neighbors Chad, Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo have spilled over.

This report includes reporting by Reuters and NBC News' Courtney Kube.

More world stories from NBC News:

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Source: http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/12/27/16193391-us-evacuates-americans-from-central-african-republic-capital-as-rebels-close-in?lite

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Video: Bush doctors 'cautiously optimistic'

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Source: http://video.msnbc.msn.com/newsnation/50306081/

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Study ties drug shortage to poorer cancer survival | Health ...

This December 2012 photo provided by the Alonzo family shows Abby Alonzo, 13, who has been cancer-free for over two years after her treatment at St. Jude's for Hodgkin lymphoma in 2010.

Katie Alonzo ? AP

Young cancer patients who couldn't get a key medicine because of a national drug shortage were more likely to suffer a relapse than others who were able to get the preferred treatment, doctors report. It's the first evidence that a long-standing drug-supply problem probably has affected cancer treatment results in specific patients.

The study involved more than 200 children and young adults with a blood cancer called Hodgkin lymphoma. Like childhood leukemia, it can be cured nearly 80 percent of the time. But a drug shortage that has worsened since 2009 is threatening that success rate, doctors report in Thursday's New England Journal of Medicine.

Hundreds of drugs, including sedatives, antibiotics, painkillers and cancer treatments, have gone in and out of short supply in recent years. Reasons include manufacturing and contamination problems, plant shutdowns, and fewer makers and lower profits for certain drugs, especially generics infused during surgery or cancer treatment.

Doctors sometimes substitute different drugs for ones in short supply. But proving that the swaps led to poorer results has been tough, especially for cancer patients whose disease and response to treatment vary so much.

"We really couldn't put our finger on, did anybody really suffer?" said Dr. Michael Link, a cancer specialist at Stanford University and past president of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

The new study, led by Dr. Monika Metzger of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, gives the best evidence so far that patients are suffering.

It focused on mechlorethamine, or nitrogen mustard, a drug that has been in short supply until last month, when more became available. Doctors compared results among 181 Hodgkin lymphoma patients who received the drug to 40 others who were given a different chemotherapy, cyclophosphamide, when the first choice was unavailable.

Only 75 percent of those given the substitute drug stayed free of cancer for two years versus 88 percent who received the preferred treatment.

"We can think of no credible explanation for this dramatic difference" other than the drug substitution, the authors wrote.

No patients died, but those who relapsed were given more aggressive treatments, including stem-cell transplants that have more side effects and can harm fertility.

One of them was Abby Alonzo, of Port St. Lucie, Fla. She was diagnosed with lymphoma three years ago, when she was 10. After eight weeks of treatment with the preferred drug, "she was doing wonderfully," said her mother, Katie Alonzo.

Then doctors said they were out of it.

"I said, what do you mean, we don't have the medication my child needs?" Katie Alonzo said.

After four weeks on the substitute chemo, Abby's cancer had returned and spread to more places, her mother said. The child received high doses of chemotherapy and radiation and now seems cancer-free, although the treatments damaged her lung capacity, leaving her short of breath.

"When your child has cancer you live day by day," and to find out a life-saving medicine isn't available is "very, very frightening," Katie Alonzo said.

Follow Marilynn Marchione at http://twitter.com/MMarchioneAP

Source: http://www.idahostatesman.com/2012/12/26/2393202/study-ties-drug-shortage-to-poorer.html

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monteverdi durant: popper jocose: charlesmurra8: Speed reading

23 Dec

I installed some speed reading apps and tested them. I?ve so far notices a few ?categories? or groups of equals:

• One kind exists mostly from showing a text word by word in the middle of the screen. Showing each word a very short time and so you can read at a high wpm because you never need to move your eyes.
• Another kind is merely a speed reading article disguised as app.
• Another kind is no speed reading app but just a reading app with a fancy name.
• Yet another kind is training in the form of news/actually.
• And the last kind is a training app, not for your own stuff but purely for training.

I only tested them quickly and unions talked the non-interesting. But they aren?t quite what I?m looking for. Maybe I should write one myself for training and guided reading.

This entry was posted in Other and tagged Android, Self Improvement, Speed Reading. Bookmark the permalink.

Source: http://www.tjenwellens.eu/other/speed-reading-apps-for-android/

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Baby Shower Decor | Makin' A House A Home

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Source: http://makinahouseahome.blogspot.com/2012/12/baby-shower-decor.html

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Branding and The House-Based Company ? Bnr.Co

Each and every business has a brand, or image or identity, by which it is identified to its consumers. The brand is the mixture of all of the big and tiny things that sets a enterprise apart and that conjures up an image of the business in the thoughts of anyone coming in get in touch with with it. When I feel of the retail chain Target, the brand I see is not the red target logo, but a pleasant buying encounter in brightly lit retailers with effectively-displayed merchandise and quickly checkout lines. The brand image compels me to shop at Target rather than at some of its competitors.

A brand can consist of how merchandise is displayed, logos, signage, cleanliness and conditions of organization automobiles, how the telephone is answered, how neatly dressed staff are, and significantly a lot more. Everything a customer sees, smells, hears, and touches, about the enterprise contributes to a positive or unfavorable perception of the enterprise.

As a single-person house-based company, what is your brand? Sloppy private look, a messy automobile, inexpensive-searching company cards and plain-paper brochures present a low-quality image that might make prospective consumers apprehensive of carrying out business with you. If you happen to be smartly dressed, armed with high-top quality material, and project a good attitude you produce an upbeat image, as somebody with whom folks will want to deal. You might even be perceived as representing a a lot greater and much more successful business than you actually have!

I attended a celebration hosted by the managing companion of a begin-up company in which she unveiled her new enterprise to Cleveland. The party was held in the fabulous new and high-tech central Cleveland visitor center exactly where every person felt welcome and the food and wine had been wonderful. High top quality brochures and enterprise cards had been on tables everywhere. She gave a warm welcome and demonstrated her newly released website. It was tough to imagine from the branding at this event that hers was just a fledgling organization with no staff!

Private brand
What is your personal brand? Every of us types an image of ourselves with what we say, how we say it, what we do, how we dress, and how we present ourselves to everybody with whom we come in contact. As tiny company owners our personal brand might be indistinguishable from our organization brand. If we spent thousands of dollars on a logo, had the greatest graphic artist in town design our website, and have a distinctive product, none of that will matter if personally we come across as unkempt, or if we do not communicate well.

So, how do you increase your personal brand? You start by seeking in the mirror to try to see your self as others see you, or far better, as you want other individuals to see you. Do you workout and eat effectively to keep in the greatest of wellness? Is your hair neatly trimmed? Are your clothes nicely pressed? Do you workout good individual hygiene? Are your shoes polished? Is your cologne or perfume not as well powerful? Do you look other individuals in the eye when you speak with them? Do you actually listen to what other individuals are saying or are you also intent on what you are saying to others? Do you write private notes? Do you preserve your word? Do you follow-up? Is your vehicle washed and polished and clear of trash? All of these, and much more, perform toward making a good individual brand.

I heard of a consultant attempting to land a contract. Although he was in the client?s washroom, the owner went out to appear at his automobile ? which was full of hamburger wrappers and other trash. The outcome? No job.
Typically a private brand can be greatly enhanced by just a little invest-ment in a professional photograph for publicity, or a wardrobe addition, or a good shoe polishing!

Voice mail
How do people perceive you by the message and tone on your voice mail? Is your voice mail steady with the professional image you are striving to portray?

A typical message such as ?This is Bob Jones. I?m sorry I could not take your call. Please leave a short message and I will get back to you as soon as achievable,? prompts a response. But it does not instill in a stranger or a prospect any sense about who you are or develop any anticipation about hearing back from you.
A voice mail message such as: ?This is John Adams of Adams Photography exactly where we make everybody look great. I actually would like to speak with you, so leave a message and I will return your call before the end of day? conveys who you are and leaves the caller with a sense of excitement. The caller also knows that the call will be returned in a timely manner. (Of course, John requirements to make sure he calls back by the end of day).

You may want to have several voice-mail messages scripted, every of which will inform one thing different about you while projecting the image that you want. Have associates and buddies critique, so that once the mes-sage is on your voice mail you will be assured of usually ?being in brand.?

Dress code
I heard a speak by a really successful businessman whose enterprise began in his home basement and has expanded to 3 warehouses. He explained that when he was working at home his loved ones teased him because he dressed each and every morning in a suit and tie just before heading to his basement office. He explained that 1st, he felt like he was actually going to function when he dressed up, and second, that he never knew when he may well get a call and would need to head out to pay a visit to a client.

Consider how you dress. Is it proper for the kind of enterprise you are in or the kinds of consumers you contact on? It?s tempting in a residence envi-ronment to go to function in pajamas and bunny slippers. This is fine, so lengthy as you feel expert and effectively get your perform completed. Several individuals really feel far better and are much more productive if they dress for the component ? even at residence.

Company brand
When you are an entrepreneur your private brand and business brand are almost inseparable. However, your enterprise brand demands to stand out to give possible customers reason to pay attention to you and pick you more than a competitor.

Business name/product name
What does the name you have selected for your company or item say? Is it memorable? Is it descriptive of your product or service? Is the name special or is it apt to be confused with yet another brand? If the name is descriptive, is it too broad, or also narrow?

Be deliberate in selecting your company name. Make a list of all the names you can feel of. Refine the list. Add to it and subtract from it till a word, name, or phrase pops out. Reside with the name for a although. Try out the name with friends and family before actually deciding upon it. Frequently a produced-up word can be a excellent name for your organization or product and is typically easier to trademark than an existing word.

Logo
You could want to contract with a graphic artist to design a logo for use on enterprise cards, letterhead, and packaging. Make certain that you get the final logo as an electronic ?jpeg? or ?gif? file so you can apply it to documents you develop on your computer.

Enterprise card
One of the first impressions a individual may have of you is your business card. You give it out at networking occasions, to prospects and other folks you meet. Don?t overlook projecting your brand on your card. Think about that much more individuals will see your company card than will see your brochures or possibly even visit your site.

Thinking about the immense influence your card can have, you should have it professionally created. A graphic designer can aid create a stunning card, and a printer can pick top quality paper and print both sides in color at a nominal price.

Maximize the use of space on the card by making use of the back of the card for your mission statement or explaining what you do and why people must use your services. On the front print your logo, name and make contact with information, along with a short tagline highlighting your specialty.

Always carry cards with you and be ready to give them away. When handing out your card, treat it as an essential object, holding it with both hands and giving it to the person with the back side of the card facing up (assuming you have had the back printed). The info on the back will typically spark further concerns or comments. Ask if the recipient would like added cards to give to pals or associates.

Other printed material
All printed material must reflect your brand and professionalism. If you need brochures or other printed things, have them developed by a creative marketing and advertising firm or graphic designer and printed in full color (known in the printing trade as 4 color). Brochures can be commercially printed at a affordable per-unit expense for 500 or a lot more pieces, but in smaller quantities color printing costs per unit can be quite high. For just a handful of brochures, contemplate printing with an ink-jet printer on thick higher-quality stock such as HP glossy Brochure and Flyer paper or HP glossy Trifold Brochure paper. You will be amazed at how excellent they appear. Don?t print on plain 20 lb. workplace paper, as you are going to be disappointed by the unprofessional look. If you strategy to print your own brochures, do let your graphic designer know that you will be printing from your computer.

Have your designer develop a letterhead word-processing template you can use for your correspondence. When printing letters and envelopes, use 24 lb. higher-high quality paper made with cotton content. Your designer can help you pick a paper style and grade that will work well for you. Buy matching envelopes.

Site
Your website could supply the 1st, and possibly only, impression of your business. The fantastic factor about websites is that they are excellent equalizers. If you have an fascinating, professionally designed, effectively-executed web site, you will be observed as competitive with any other business, no matter how large or little. Interview several web designers to locate a single who understands your vision, whose other web sites you like, and who will supply perform at a appropriate price range. Function closely with your designer to assure that your website tends to make the impact and reflects the image you want to portray.

Avoid glitzy bells and whistles several web designers like to include, un-less they are really required in projecting who you and your business are, as they often detract from the message.

Business Environment
Aside from your dress and grooming, your house tends to make the strongest and most intimate statement about you and your image. If individuals visit your home for enterprise purposes, make certain that what they see is constant with your brand. The house need to be in excellent repair with the lawn and landscaping nicely trimmed. Make positive the kids do not leave toys scattered around. Your office space must be effectively organized, nicely lit, and totally free of clutter. Stop meeting interruptions from children or loud noises by advance planning with your loved ones.

Source: http://www.bnr.co/business/branding-and-the-house-based-company/

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Am an expert in the SHRM India Advisory Panel on ?HR and Social ...

SHRM India has Advisory Panels on different HR disciplines, which serve as voluntary bodies providing expert advice to the wider community of HR professionals.

The Knowledge Center activities for SHRM in India is an on-line, expert advisory service for HR professionals who are SHRM India members.

This is in line with SHRM India's overall mission - as a not for profit organization - that supports and advances the Human Resource Profession as a whole. ? Each panel comprises a mix of academia, consultants and practitioners.

I was requested to join the SHRM India Advisory Panel on HR and Social Media as a Subject Matter Expert.? You can find my profile here.

Source: http://www.gautamblogs.com/2012/12/am-expert-in-shrm-india-advisory-panel.html

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johir.khan: Self-Improvement Affirmations with Self-Hypnosis Audios ...

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Source: http://newmanvito.typepad.com/blog/2012/12/johirkhan-self-improvement-affirmations-with-self-hypnosis-audios.html

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Final goodbye: Roll call of some who died in 2012

Neil Armstrong would always be taking that first step onto the moon, and Dick Clark was forever "the world's oldest teenager." Some of the notables who died in 2012 created images in our minds that remained unchanged over decades.

Sadly, for others an established image was shattered by a fall from grace. Whitney Houston ruled as a queen of pop music, but years of hard living harmed her voice while erratic behavior and a troubled marriage took a toll on her image. And Joe Paterno, Penn State's longtime coach, won more games than anyone in major college football, but was ultimately fired amid a molestation scandal involving an assistant coach that scarred his reputation.

Some whose deaths we noted weren't known by image or even name but by contributions that changed our lives ? like Eugene Polley, inventor of the first wireless TV remote control, and Norman Joseph Woodland, co-inventor of the bar code that labels nearly every product in stores. Other scientists who died in 2012 included Lowell Randall, Martin Fleischmann, F. Sherwood Rowland, George Cowan and Bernard Lovell.

Among the political figures who died were George McGovern, Democrat presidential nominee who lost to Richard Nixon in a historic landslide, and ex-Sen. Arlen Specter, the outspoken Pennsylvania centrist. Others from the world of politics: Bill Janklow, Norodom Sihanouk, Charles "Chuck" Colson, Warren B. Rudman, Andrew Breitbart, Robert Bork and Miguel de la Madrid.

The year also saw the deaths of a number of TV stars including Larry Hagman, who played oil baron J.R. Ewing on "Dallas."

Others in entertainment and the arts who died included: Etta James, Andy Griffith, Ernest Borgnine, Sherman Hemsley, Maurice Sendak, Donna Summer, Robin Gibb, Doc Watson, Richard Dawson, Nora Ephron, Phyllis Diller, Michael Clarke Duncan, Don Cornelius, Jan Berenstain, Ravi Shankar and Dave Brubeck.

Here is a roll call of some of the people who died in 2012. (Cause of death cited for younger people if available.)

JANUARY:

Kiro Gligorov, 94. First democratically elected president of Macedonia who shepherded his nation through a bloodless secession from the former Yugoslavia and narrowly survived an assassination attempt. Jan. 1.

Bob Anderson, 89. Olympic fencer and movie sword master, he donned Darth Vader's black helmet and fought light saber battles in two "Star Wars" films. Jan. 1.

Keith Little, 87. One of the most recognizable of the remaining Navajo Code Talkers, whose code helped confound the Japanese duirng World War II. Jan. 3.

Lowell Randall, 96. Pioneer rocket scientist who helped launch the U.S. space program and tested intercontinental ballistic missiles. Jan. 3.

Jessica Joy Rees, 12. She became a nationally recognized face of child cancer with a blog that chronicled her fight against brain tumors. Jan. 5. Brain cancer.

Don Carter, 85. Bowling great who flourished as a genuine sports celebrity during the game's golden age on TV. Jan. 5.

Bill Janklow, 72. As South Dakota's attorney general, governor and congressman, he dominated the state's political landscape for more than 25 years. Jan. 12. Brain cancer.

Manuel Fraga Iribarne, 89. Blunt-talking politician who founded Spain's ruling conservative party and was the last surviving minister from Gen. Francisco Franco's right-wing regime. Jan. 15.

Hulett C. Smith, 93. Former West Virginia governor who signed bills in the 1960s that abolished the state's death penalty and implemented its first strip mining laws. Jan. 15.

Edward Derwinski, 85. He represented Chicago's south side and adjoining suburbs in Congress for nearly a quarter-century before becoming the nation's first secretary of veterans affairs. Jan 15.

Jimmy Castor, 71. Funk and soul saxophonist, singer and songwriter whose tune, "It's Just Begun," morphed into an anthem for generations of musical acts. Jan. 16.

Johnny Otis, 90. He wrote and recorded the R&B classic "Willie and the Hand Jive" and for decades evangelized black music to white audiences as a bandleader and radio host. Jan. 17.

Etta James, 73. Blues singer best known for her performance of the enduring classic "At Last." Jan. 20. Complications from leukemia.

Jonathan "Jack" Idema, 55. Former Green Beret convicted of running a private jail in Afghanistan. Jan. 21. AIDS.

Roy J. Britten, 92. Pioneering molecular biologist who discovered the crucial fact that humans and animals have multiple copies of some DNA segments. Jan. 21.

Joe Paterno, 85. Longtime Penn State coach who won more games than anyone in major college football but was fired amid a child sex abuse scandal that scarred his reputation for winning with integrity. Jan. 22.

Theo Angelopoulos, 76. Award-winning Greek filmmaker known for his slow and dreamlike style as a director. Jan. 24. Killed in a road accident.

Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans, 91. Heiress to a vast Gilded Age fortune built on tobacco and a member of the family that endowed Duke University. Jan. 25.

Robert Hegyes, 60. Actor best known for playing Jewish Puerto Rican student Juan Epstein on the 1970s TV show "Welcome Back Kotter." Jan. 26.

Kevin H. White, 82. Former Boston mayor who led the city for 16 years including during racially turbulent times in the 1970s and was credited with putting it on a path to prosperity. Jan. 27.

Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, 93. Past president of Italy who held the post during the sweeping corruption scandal of the early 1990s that reshaped the country's political landscape. Jan. 29.

Cardinal Anthony Bevilacqua, 88. Retired head of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia and an uncharged central figure in a child sex-abuse case that involves the alleged shuffling of predator priests to unwitting parishes. Jan. 31.

FEBRUARY:

Don Cornelius, 75. As host of "Soul Train," he helped break down racial barriers and broaden the reach of black culture with funky music, groovy dance steps and cutting edge style. Feb. 1. Self-inflicted gunshot wound.

Angelo Dundee, 90. Trainer who helped groom Muhammad Ali and Sugar Ray Leonard into world champions. Feb. 1.

Jimmie Begay, 86. Navajo Code Talker who in World War II transmitted messages in a code based on the then-unwritten Navajo language. Feb. 1.

Zalman King, 70. Actor and filmmaker who became known for his erotic work after writing and producing his breakthrough film "9 1/2 Weeks." Feb. 3.

Ben Gazzara, 81. Actor who brought intensity to roles in such iconic productions as the original "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof" on Broadway and the film "The Big Lebowski." Feb. 3.

Florence Green, 110. Last known veteran of World War I. Feb. 4.

John Fairfax, 74. First known person to row alone across the Atlantic Ocean. Feb. 8.

Jill Kinmont Boothe, 75. Skiing champion who became a painter and a teacher after she was paralyzed during a race and was the subject of a book and two Hollywood films. Feb. 9.

Whitney Houston, 48. She ruled as pop music's queen until her majestic voice was ravaged by drug use and her regal image ruined by erratic behavior and a tumultuous marriage to singer Bobby Brown. Feb. 11. Accidentally drowned in a bathtub.

Mohammed Lamari, 73. General who led Algeria's military during a decade of civil war that crushed Islamic rebel groups. Feb. 13.

Charles Anthony, 82. Character singer who set the record for most appearances at the Metropolitan Opera ? 2,928 ? during a career that spanned from 1954 to 2010. Feb. 15.

Gary Carter, 57. Star catcher whose single for the New York Mets in the 1986 World Series touched off one of the most improbable rallies in baseball. Feb. 16.

Katie Hall, 73. Former Indiana congresswoman who was a key sponsor of the 1983 legislation that established a national holiday for Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. Feb. 20.

Remi Ochlik, 28. Photojournalist who covered riots in Haiti and the upheaval sweeping across the Arab world. Feb. 22. Killed in a shelling attack in Syria.

Marie Colvin, 56. Journalist, recognizable for the eye patch that hid a shrapnel injury, who covered conflicts from Sri Lanka to Syria in her quest to bring stories about the world's most troubled places to light. Feb. 22. Killed in a shelling attack in Syria.

Jan Berenstain, 88. With her husband, Stan, she wrote and illustrated the Berenstain Bears books that have charmed preschoolers for 50 years. Feb. 24.

Dennis Gomes, 68. Co-owner of the Resorts Casino Hotel in Atlantic City, N.J., and a former mob-busting Las Vegas prosecutor whose exploits were chronicled in the movie "Casino." Feb. 24. Complications from kidney dialysis.

Erland Josephson, 88. Swedish actor who collaborated with legendary film director Ingmar Bergman in more than 40 films and plays. Feb. 25.

Lynn D. "Buck" Compton, 90. Veteran whose World War II exploits were depicted in the HBO miniseries "Band of Brothers." Feb. 25.

Edna Milton Chadwell, 84. Last madam of the Chicken Ranch brothel, which inspired the movie and Broadway show "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas." Feb. 25.

William Hamilton, 87. Theologian who was a member of the Death of God movement of the 1960s that reached its peak with a Time Magazine cover story. Feb. 28.

Davy Jones, 66. Actor turned singer who helped propel the TV rock band The Monkees to the top of the pop charts. Feb. 29. Heart attack.

MARCH:

Andrew Breitbart, 43. Conservative media publisher and activist who was behind investigations that led to the resignation of former Rep. Anthony Weiner, D-N.Y. March 1.

James Q. Wilson, 80. Political scientist whose "broken windows" theory on crime-fighting helped launch a nationwide move toward community policing. March 2.

Ralph McQuarrie, 82. Artist who developed the look of the first "Star Wars" trilogy's signature characters, sets and spaceships. March 3.

William Heirens, 83. Dubbed the "Lipstick Killer" after three murders in Chicago in the 1940s, he became Illinois' longest-serving inmate. March 5.

Robert B. Sherman, 86. Songwriter who wrote "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious" in "Mary Poppins" and other songs for Disney classics. March 5.

James T. "Jimmy" Ellis, 74. As frontman for The Trammps, he belted out the refrain "Burn, baby burn!" in the 1970s-era disco hit "Disco Inferno." March 8.

Minoru Mori, 77. Property tycoon who was one of Japan's most influential developers and built China's tallest building. March 8.

Harry Wendelstedt, 73. Longtime umpire who worked five World Series and made a call involving Don Drysdale that became one of baseball's most disputed plays in the late 1960s. March 9.

Jean Giraud, 73. French comics artist known by fans from Hollywood to Japan as Moebius and the creator of unsettling, eye-opening fantasy worlds in print and on film. March 10.

F. Sherwood Rowland, 84. Nobel prize-winning chemist who sounded the alarm on the thinning of the Earth's ozone layer and crusaded against the use of chemicals that were harming earth's atmospheric blanket. March 10.

Michael Hossack, 65. Longtime Doobie Brothers drummer whose work is heard on the hits "Listen To The Music" and "China Grove." March 12. Cancer.

Censu Tabone, 98. Former Malta president who hosted a U.S.-Soviet summit that declared an end to the Cold War. March 14.

John Demjanjuk, 91. He was convicted of being a low-ranking guard at the Sobibor death camp, but his 35-year fight to clear his name made him one of the best-known faces of Nazi prosecutions. March 17.

Pope Shenouda III, 88. Patriarch of the Coptic Orthodox Church who led Egypt's Christian minority for 40 years during a time of increasing tensions with Muslims. March 17.

Chaleo Yoovidhya, in his 80s. Self-made Thai billionaire who introduced the world to "energy drinks" and co-founded the Red Bull brand. March 17.

King George Tupou V, 63. Tonga's king, who gave up most of his powers to bring a more democratic government to his Pacific island nation. March 18.

Lincoln Hall, 56. Mountaineer who was rescued a day after being given up for dead near the summit of Everest in 2006. March 21. Cancer.

Abdullahi Yusuf, 78. He rose from guerrilla warrior to president of Somalia only to watch his administration crumble under an Islamic insurgency. March 23. Complications from pneumonia.

Bert Sugar, 75. Iconic boxing writer and sports historian who was known for his trademark fedora and ever-present cigar. March 25.

Larry Stevenson, 81. Skateboard maker who helped take the pastime from an early 1960s kids' gimmick to a professional sport. March 25.

Earl Scruggs, 88. Bluegrass legend and banjo pioneer who profoundly influenced country music with Bill Monroe in the 1940s and later with guitarist Lester Flatt. March 28.

APRIL:

Miguel de la Madrid, 77. Former president of Mexico, who led his country from 1982 to 1988 during an economic crisis and a devastating earthquake. April 1.

Giorgio Chinaglia, 65. Italian soccer great and former New York Cosmos star. April 1. Complications from a heart attack.

Neslisah Osmanoglu, 91. Ottoman princess who married an Egyptian prince and was twice forced into exile when both royal households were abolished. April 2.

Ferdinand Alexander Porsche, 76. He designed Porsche's classic 911 sports car, the sleek model that evokes power, wealth and envy among aficionados. April 5.

Bingu wa Mutharika, 78. Malawi's president who was hailed as an economic hero and decried as an autocrat.. April 5.

Thomas Kinkade, 54. Artist whose paintings of idyllic landscapes, cottages and churches have been big sellers for dealers across the U.S. April 6.

Mike Wallace, 93. Dogged CBS reporter who took on politicians and celebrities in a 60-year career highlighted by on-air confrontations that helped make "60 Minutes" the most successful prime-time television news program ever. April 7.

Raymond Aubrac, 97. One of the last major figures of the French Resistance who got away from the Nazis' grasp in a now-legendary escape. April 10.

Ahmed Ben Bella, 95. Algeria's first president and a historic leader of its bloody independence struggle from France. April 11.

Julio Aleman, 78. Mexican television and movie actor who starred in the first telenovela ever produced in the country. April 11.

Arnold Maersk Mc-Kinney Moeller, 98. Denmark's richest man who created the country's largest enterprise, a shipping and oil conglomerate. April 16.

Dick Clark, 82. Ever-youthful television entrepreneur who helped bring rock 'n' roll into the mainstream on "American Bandstand," and later produced and hosted game shows and the year-end countdown from Times Square. April 19.

Levon Helm, 71. Key member of the rock group The Band who lent his voice to classics like "The Weight" and "The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down." April 19.

George Cowan, 92. Manhattan Project scientist who also helped found the Santa Fe Institute. April 20.

Charles "Chuck" Colson, 80. Special counsel to President Richard Nixon who went to prison for his role in a Watergate-related case and became a Christian evangelical helping inmates. April 21.

George Rathmann, 84. As founding CEO he helped turn Amgen Inc. from a small company with an unclear mission in a strange new field into the world's largest biotech drugmaker. April 22.

George Vujnovich, 96. Intelligence agent who organized a World War II mission to rescue more than 500 U.S. bomber crew members shot down over Nazi-occupied Serbia. April 24.

Patricia Medina, 92. Actress who became a Hollywood leading lady in the 1950s opposite Glenn Ford, Alan Ladd, Karl Malden and Fernando Lamas. April 28.

Thomas Austin "Amarillo Slim" Preston Jr., 83. A poker champion whose brash style, fast talking and love of the spotlight helped broaden the professional game's appeal. April 29.

Tomas Borge Martinez, 81. Last surviving founder of the Sandinista guerrilla movement that overthrew Nicaragua's U.S.-backed right-wing dictatorship in 1979. April 30.

MAY:

Junior Seau, 43. Homegrown superstar who was the fist-pumping, emotional leader of the San Diego Chargers for 13 years. May 2. Apparent suicide.

Lloyd Brevett, 80. Renowned double bassist who helped carry ska music from Jamaica to the world as a founding member of the band The Skatalites. May 3.

Adam Yauch, 47. Also known as MCA, the gravelly voiced rapper helped make the Beastie Boys one of the seminal groups in hip-hop. May 4. Cancer.

George Lindsey, 83. He made a TV career as a grinning service station attendant named Goober on "The Andy Griffith Show" and "Hee Haw." May 6.

Dennis Fitch, 69. Airline pilot who helped save 184 people during a plane crash in Sioux City, Iowa. May 7. Brain cancer.

Maurice Sendak, 83. Children's book author and illustrator who saw the sometimes-dark side of childhood in books like "Where the Wild Things Are." May 8.

Vidal Sassoon, 84. Celebrity hairstylist whose 1960s wash-and-wear cuts freed women from endless teasing and hairspray. May 9.

Baby Andrei, 9 months. Romanian baby born with virtually no intestines who confounded doctors by tenaciously clinging to life and captured international attention and offers of medical help. May 10.

Gunnar Soensteby, 94. World War II resistance fighter who earned Norway's highest military decoration for daring raids against the Nazis. May 10.

Evelyn Bryan Johnson, 102. Known as "Mama Bird," she was a pioneering female pilot and Guinness world record holder. May 10.

Carroll Shelby, 89. Legendary car designer and champion auto racer who built the Shelby Cobra sports car and injected testosterone into Ford's Mustang and Chrysler's Viper. May 10.

Donald "Duck" Dunn, 70. Bassist who helped create the gritty Memphis soul sound at Stax Records in the 1960s as part of the legendary group Booker T. and the MGs. May 13.

Jim Abdnor, 89. Former Republican U.S. senator who ousted George McGovern from the Senate only to lose his seat after one term. May 16.

Chuck Brown, 75. Widely acclaimed as the "Godfather of go-go" for styling a unique mix of funk, soul and Latin party sounds. May 16.

Mary Richardson Kennedy, 52. Estranged wife of Robert Kennedy Jr.; her life's highlights and troubled moments played out publicly because of the famous political family she married into. May 16. Apparent suicide.

Doug Dillard, 75. Banjo player who helped shape rock 'n' roll and introduce the nation to bluegrass music during a run on "The Andy Griffith Show." May 16.

Donna Summer, 63. Disco queen whose pulsing anthems such as "Last Dance," ''Love to Love You Baby" and "Bad Girls" became the soundtrack for a glittery age of drugs, dance and flashy clothes. May 17.

Warda, 72. Algerian singer known by just one name whose sultry voice and range helped make her one of the giants of Arab song. May 17.

Frank Edward "Ed" Ray, 91. California school bus driver who was hailed as a hero for helping 26 students escape after three kidnappers buried them underground in 1976. May 17.

Katie Beckett, 34. Her struggles with disease and bureaucracy brought landmark changes to the federal-state Medicaid program allowing children with disabilities to live at home. May 18.

Abdel Baset al-Megrahi, 60. Libyan intelligence officer who was the only person ever convicted in the 1988 Lockerbie bombing. May 20.

Robin Gibb, 62. One of the three Bee Gees whose falsetto harmonies powered such hits as "Stayin' Alive" and "Night Fever" and defined the flashy disco era. May 20.

Eugene Polley, 96. Inventor of the first wireless TV remote control. May 20.

Eddie Blazonczyk, 70. Grammy Award-winning polka great who earned the nickname "Polka King" after starting his own band and label. May 21.

Wesley Brown, 85. First African-American to graduate from the U.S. Naval Academy. May 22.

Klaas Carel Faber, 90. Dutch native who fled to Germany after being convicted in the Netherlands of Nazi war crimes and subsequently lived in freedom despite attempts to try or extradite him. May 24.

Johnny Tapia, 45. Five-time boxing champion whose turbulent career was marked by cocaine addiction, alcohol, depression and run-ins with the law. May 27.

Doc Watson, 89. Grammy-award winning folk musician whose lightning-fast style of flatpicking influenced guitarists around the world. May 29.

JUNE:

Kathryn Joosten, 72. Character actress best known as Karen McCluskey on "Desperate Housewives" and the president's secretary on "The West Wing." June 2.

Adolfo Calero, 80. He led the largest force of U.S.-backed rebels against Nicaragua's Sandinista government in the 1980s and found himself entangled in the Iran-Contra scandal. June 2.

Richard Dawson, 79. Wisecracking British entertainer who was among the schemers in the 1960s TV comedy "Hogan's Heroes" and later the contestant-kissing host of the game show "Family Feud." June 2.

Herb Reed, 83. Last surviving original member of 1950s vocal group the Platters who sang on hits like "Only You" and "The Great Pretender." June 4.

Ray Bradbury, 91. Science fiction-fantasy master who transformed his childhood dreams and Cold War fears into telepathic Martians, lovesick sea monsters, and the high-tech, book-burning future of "Fahrenheit 451." May 5.

Bob Welch, 65. Former member of Fleetwood Mac who went on to write songs and record several hits during a solo career. June 7. Self-inflicted gunshot wound.

Ann Rutherford, 94. Actress who played the sweetheart in the long-running Andy Hardy series and Scarlett O'Hara's youngest sister in "Gone With the Wind." June 11.

Henry Hill, 69. Associate in New York's Lucchese crime family, a mobster and FBI informant whose life was the basis for the Martin Scorsese film "Goodfellas." June 12.

William S. Knowles, 95. Chemist who shared the Nobel Prize for discoveries that led to a treatment for Parkinson's disease and other medicines. June 13.

Crown Prince Nayef, late 70s. Interior minister who headed Saudi Arabia's fierce crackdown crushing al-Qaida's branch in the country after the 9/11 attacks and rose to become next in line to the throne. June 16.

Rodney King, 47. Black motorist whose 1991 videotaped beating by Los Angeles police officers was the spark for one of the most destructive U.S. race riots. June 17. Accidentally drowned.

Richard Adler, 90. Composer-lyricist who won Tony Awards for such Broadway musicals as "The Pajama Game" and "Damn Yankees" and who produced President John F. Kennedy's birthday celebration featuring a breathy Marilyn Monroe. June 21.

Barry Becher, 71. Infomercial pioneer best known for introducing American TV viewers to Ginsu knives, the miracle kitchen tool that sliced through tin cans and chopped wood. June 22.

George Randolph Hearst Jr., 84. Board chairman of Hearst Corp., oldest grandson of media titan William Randolph Hearst. June 25.

Nora Ephron, 71. Essayist, author and filmmaker who thrived in the male-dominated worlds of movies and journalism and was loved, respected and feared for her wit. June 26. Leukemia

Doris Singleton, 92. Actress who played Lucy and Ricky Ricardo's neighbor on "I Love Lucy." June 26.

Don Grady, 68. One of television's most beloved big brothers as Robbie Douglas on the 1960s hit "My Three Sons." June 27.

Norman Sas, 87. Mechanical engineer who created electric football, a tabletop game with a vibrating metal field and unpredictable plastic players that captivated children and grown-ups. June 28.

Doris Sams, 85. Pitcher and outfielder from Knoxville who helped inspire the movie "A League of Their Own." June 28.

Yitzhak Shamir, 96. Former Israeli prime minister who maintained that Israel should hold on to territory and never trust an Arab regime. June 30.

JULY:

Andy Griffith, 86. He made homespun Southern wisdom his trademark as a wise sheriff in "The Andy Griffith Show" and a rumpled defense lawyer in "Matlock." July 3.

Ernest Borgnine, 95. Beefy screen star known for blustery, often villainous roles, but who won the best-actor Oscar for playing against type as a lovesick butcher in "Marty" in 1955. July 8.

Eugenio de Araujo Sales, 91. Rio de Janeiro's former archbishop who provided shelter to thousands opposed to the military regimes that once ruled Brazil, Argentina and Chile. July 9.

Marion Cunningham, 90. Home-cooking champion whose legacy can be found in the food-spattered pages of "Fannie Farmer" cookbooks in kitchens across America. July 11.

Donald J. Sobol, 87. Author of the popular "Encyclopedia Brown" series of children's mysteries. July 11.

Dara Singh, 84. Bollywood action hero best known for his TV portrayal of the Hindu monkey god Hanuman. July 12.

Celeste Holm, 95. Versatile actress who soared to Broadway fame in "Oklahoma!" and won an Oscar for her portrayal of a lonely secretary in "Gentleman's Agreement." July 15.

Stephen R. Covey, 79. Author of "The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People" and three other books that have all sold more than a million copies. July 16. Complications from a bicycle accident.

Jon Lord, 71. British rocker and keyboardist whose driving tones helped turn Deep Purple and Whitesnake into two of the most popular hard rock acts in a generation. July 16.

Kitty Wells, 92. Singer whose hits such as "Making Believe" and "It Wasn't God Who Made Honky Tonk Angels" made her the first female superstar of country music. July 16.

William Raspberry, 76. He became the second black columnist to win a Pulitzer Prize for his widely read syndicated commentaries in The Washington Post. July 17.

Forrest McCartney, 81. Retired Air Force lieutenant general and former director of Kennedy Space Center who was crucial in getting NASA's shuttles flying again after the Challenger tragedy. July 17.

Rajesh Khanna, 69. His success as a romantic lead in scores of Indian movies made him Bollywood's first superstar. July 18.

Rabbi Yosef Shalom Elyashiv, 102. He was revered by Jews worldwide as the top rabbinic authority of this generation for his scholarship and rulings on complex elements of Jewish law. July 18.

Oswaldo Paya, 60. Cuban activist who spent decades speaking out against the communist government of Fidel and Raul Castro and became one of the most powerful voices of dissent against their half-century rule. July 22. Car crash.

Sally Ride, 61. She blazed trails into orbit as the first American woman in space. July 23. Pancreatic cancer.

Sherman Hemsley, 74. Actor who made the irascible, bigoted George Jefferson of "The Jeffersons" one of TV's most memorable characters and a symbol for urban upward mobility. July 24.

John Atta Mills, 68. He was elected president in the closest vote in Ghana's history and then led the West African country amid newfound oil wealth. July 24.

Chad Everett, 75. Star of the 1970s TV series "Medical Center" who went on to appear in such films and TV shows as "Mulholland Drive" and "Melrose Place." July 24.

Suzy Gershman, 64. Her "Born to Shop" travel guides have helped readers find where to browse and buy from Paris to Hong Kong. July 25.

Gore Vidal, 86. Author, playwright, politician and commentator whose novels, essays, plays and opinions were stamped by his immodest wit and unconventional wisdom. July 31.

AUGUST:

John Keegan, 78. British academic whose studies of men at war are counted among the classic works of military history. Aug. 2.

Martin Fleischmann, 85. British chemist who stunned the world by announcing that he had achieved nuclear fusion in a glass bottle. Aug. 3.

Chavela Vargas, 93. She defied gender stereotypes to become one of the most legendary singers in Mexico. Aug. 5.

Ignacy Skowron, 97. Last known Polish survivor of the opening battle of World War II. Aug. 5.

Mark O'Donnell, 58. Tony Award-winning writer behind such quirky and clever Broadway shows as "Hairspray and "Cry-Baby." Aug. 6.

Bernard Lovell, 98. Pioneering British physicist and astronomer who developed one of the world's largest radio telescopes exploring particles in the universe. Aug. 6.

Judith Crist, 90. Blunt, popular film critic for the "Today" show, TV Guide and the New York Herald Tribune whose reviews were at times so harsh that director Otto Preminger labeled her "Judas Crist." Aug. 7.

Carlo Rambaldi, 86. Special-effects master and three-time Oscar winner known as the father of "E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial." Aug. 10.

Joe Kubert, 85. Groundbreaking comic artist and educator best known for co-creating DC Comics' iconic Sgt. Rock character. Aug. 12.

Gregory Powell, 79. He was convicted of killing a Los Angeles police officer during an infamous kidnapping that inspired the true-crime book and movie "The Onion Field." Aug. 12.

Johnny Pesky, 92. Player who spent most of his 60-plus years in pro baseball with the Boston Red Sox and was beloved by the team's fans. Aug. 13.

Nellie Gray, 88. Founder and chief organizer of an annual anti-abortion march in Washington and a leader in efforts to overturn the Supreme Court decision legalizing abortion. Aug. 13.

Ron Palillo, 63. Actor best known as the nerdy high school student Arnold Horshack on the 1970s sitcom "Welcome Back, Kotter." Aug. 14.

Svetozar Gligoric, 89. Legendary Serbian and Yugoslav chess grandmaster who was the national champion 12 times and one of the world's top players in the 20th century. Aug. 14.

Tony Scott, 68. Director of such Hollywood blockbusters as "Top Gun," ''Days of Thunder" and "Beverly Hills Cop II." Aug. 19. Died after jumping from a bridge.

George Hickman, 88. One of the original Tuskegee airmen and a longtime usher at University of Washington and Seattle Seahawks games. Aug. 19.

Phyllis Diller, 95. Housewife-turned-humorist who aimed some of her sharpest barbs at herself, punctuating her jokes with her trademark cackle. Aug. 20.

Dom Mintoff, 96. Former prime minister of Malta who was in power when the island nation became a republic. Aug. 20.

Meles Zenawi, 57. Ethiopia's long-time ruler who held tight control over the country and was a major U.S counter-terrorism ally. Aug. 20. Undisclosed illness.

James Fogle, 75. He wrote "Drugstore Cowboy," an autobiographical crime novel that led to an acclaimed 1989 film starring Matt Dillon. Aug. 23.

Jerry Nelson, 78. Puppeteer behind a delightful menagerie of characters including Count von Count on "Sesame Street" and Gobo Fraggle on "Fraggle Rock." Aug. 23.

Neil Armstrong, 82. He became a global hero when as a steely-nerved astronaut he made "one giant leap for mankind" with a small step onto the moon. Aug. 25.

Juan Valdez, 74. Land grant activist who fired the first shot during a 1967 New Mexico courthouse raid that grabbed international attention and helped spark the Chicano Movement. Aug. 25.

Shulamith Firestone, 67. Feminist writer who published her influential "The Dialectic of Sex" at age 25 and then retreated into isolation and mental illness. Aug. 28.

Chris Lighty, 44. A hip-hop mogul who helped the likes of Sean "Diddy" Combs, 50 Cent and Mariah Carey attain hit records and lucrative careers outside music. Aug. 30. Apparent suicide.

SEPTEMER:

Hal David, 91. Stylish, heartfelt lyricist who teamed with Burt Bacharach on dozens of songs for movies, television and a variety of recording artists in the 1960s and beyond. Sept. 1.

Rev. Sun Myung Moon, 92. Self-proclaimed messiah who turned his Unification Church into a worldwide religious movement and befriended North Korean leaders as well as U.S. presidents. Sept. 3.

Michael Clarke Duncan, 54. Hulking character actor whose dozens of films included an Oscar-nominated performance as a death row inmate in "The Green Mile" and such other box office hits as "Armageddon," ''Planet of the Apes" and "Kung Fu Panda." Sept. 3. Heart attack.

Joe South, 72. Singer-songwriter who performed 1960s and '70s hits such as "Games People Play" and "Walk A Mile In My Shoes" and penned songs including "Down in the Boondocks" for other artists. Sept. 5.

Art Modell, 87. Former owner of the Baltimore Ravens and longtime NFL stalwart who incurred the wrath of Cleveland fans when he moved the team from Ohio. Sept. 6.

Verghese Kurien, 90. Engineer known as "India's milkman" who helped revolutionize the country's dairy industry despite his own dislike for milk. Sept. 9.

Stanley Long, 78. British filmmaker whose cheap and cheerful soft-core romps saw him dubbed the "king of sexploitation." Sept. 10.

Edwin Wilson, 84. Former CIA operative who was branded a traitor and convicted of shipping arms to Libya but whose conviction was overturned after he served 22 years in prison. Sept. 10. Complications from a heart valve replacement surgery.

Chris Stevens, 52. U.S. ambassador to Libya and a career diplomat. Sept. 11. Killed during an attack on a U.S. consulate in Libya.

Peter Lougheed, 84. As Alberta's premier, he turned the province into an oil-powered modern giant and an equal player in Canada's confederation. Sept. 13.

John Ingle, 84. Actor who for two decades played a scheming patriarch on the daytime drama "General Hospital." Sept. 16.

Andy Williams, 84. Silky-voiced, clean-cut crooner whose hit recording "Moon River" and years of popular Christmas TV shows brought him fans the world over. Sept. 25.

Avalanna Routh, 6. Her love for Justin Bieber ? she called herself Mrs. Bieber ? encouraged physicians and nurses at a Boston hospital to organize a pretend wedding to the pop star as she battled a rare brain cancer. Sept. 26.

Herbert Lom, 95. Czech-born actor best known as Inspector Clouseau's long-suffering boss in the "Pink Panther" movies. Sept. 27.

Barry Commoner, 95. Scientist and activist who raised early concerns about the effects of radioactive fallout and was one of the pioneers of the environmental movement. Sept. 30.

Turhan Bey, 90. Actor whose exotic good looks earned him the nickname of "Turkish Delight" in films with Errol Flynn and Katharine Hepburn before he left Hollywood for a quieter life in Vienna. Sept. 30.

OCTOBER:

Robert F. Christy, 96. Former California Institute of Technology professor who helped design the trigger mechanism for the atomic bombs used in World War II. Oct. 3.

Keith Campbell, 58. Biologist who worked on cloning Dolly the sheep. Oct. 5.

Eric Lomax, 93. Former British prisoner of war whose moving tale of wartime torture and forgiveness was being turned into a film. Oct. 8.

Paddy Roy Bates, 91. He occupied an abandoned fort in the North Sea and declared it the sovereign Principality of Sealand ? with himself as its prince. Oct. 9.

Sam M. Gibbons, 92. Former U.S. congressman who served 17 terms in Congress and rose to head the powerful Ways and Means Committee. Oct. 9.

Alex Karras, 77. Feared NFL defensive tackle who went into acting, playing the lovable dad in the 1980s sitcom "Webster" and the cowboy who punched out a horse in "Blazing Saddles." Oct. 10.

Basil Plumley, 92. Veteran whose unit's actions in Vietnam were turned into a book and then the movie, "We Were Soldiers." Oct. 10.

Arlen Specter, 82. Outspoken ex-U.S. senator from Pennsylvania whose switch from Republican to Democrat ended a 30-year career in which he played a pivotal role in several Supreme Court nominations. Oct. 14. Complications of non-Hodgkins lymphoma.

Norodom Sihanouk, 89. The revered former king who was a towering figure in Cambodian politics through a half-century of war, genocide and upheaval. Oct. 15.

Koji Wakamatsu, 76. Japanese director who ruthlessly challenged authority with the grotesque and sexual. Oct. 17. Traffic accident.

Sylvia Kristel, 60. Dutch actress and star of the hit 1970s erotic movie "Emmanuelle." Oct. 17. Cancer.

E. Donnall Thomas, 92. Physician who pioneered bone marrow transplants and won the 1990 Nobel Prize in medicine. Oct. 20.

Paul Kurtz, 86. He founded an international center devoted to debunking psychics and UFO claims, promoting reason over what he viewed as myths. Oct. 20.

George McGovern, 90. Former U.S. senator and a Democrat who lost to President Richard Nixon in 1972 in a landslide. Oct. 21.

Yash Chopra, 80. Bollywood movie mogul whose classic love tales made him the Indian film industry's "King of Romance." Oct. 21. Dengue fever.

Antoni Dobrowolski, 108. Oldest known survivor of the Auschwitz concentration camp, he was a teacher who taught defiance of his native Poland's Nazi occupiers. Oct. 21.

Russell Means, 72. Former American Indian Movement activist who helped lead the 1973 uprising at Wounded Knee and also appeared in Hollywood films. Oct. 22.

Eloy Gutierrez-Menoyo, 77. He went from commander fighting alongside Fidel Castro to a foe launching commando raids against Cuba before settling there as a pro-dialogue dissident. Oct. 26. Heart attack.

Letitia Baldrige, 86. The White House social secretary during the Kennedy administration, an authority on etiquette. Oct. 29.

Teri Shields, 79. She launched daughter Brooke's on-camera career when she was a baby and managed the young star into her 20s, sometimes with controversy. Oct. 31.

NOVEMBER:

Milt Campbell, 78. First African-American to win the Olympic decathlon in 1956, he went on to play professional football and become a motivational speaker. Nov. 2.

Frances Hashimoto, 69. Little Tokyo business and civic leader whose Los Angeles company popularized the Japanese-style treat known as mochi ice cream. Nov. 4. Lung cancer.

Patriarch Maxim, 98. He weathered a revolt over his communist-era ties to lead Bulgaria's Orthodox Christians for more than 40 years. Nov. 6.

Carmen Basilio, 85. He wrested the world middleweight boxing crown from Sugar Ray Robinson in 1957 and lost an epic rematch six months later. Nov. 7.

Darrell Royal, 88. Former Texas football coach known as much for his folksy approach to life as for his creative wishbone offenses and two national championships. Nov. 7.

Lee MacPhail, 95. Longtime baseball executive who ruled in the celebrated Pine Tar case and later became part of the only father-son Hall of Fame pairing. Nov. 8.

Bill Tarmey, 71. Actor who for 30 years played lovable rogue Jack Duckworth on the British soap opera "Coronation Street." Nov. 9.

Bernard Lansky, 85. Memphis retailer who helped a young Elvis Presley establish his flashy, signature clothing style in the 1950s. Nov. 15.

Bal Thackeray, 86. Hindu extremist leader linked to waves of mob violence against Muslims and migrant workers in India. Nov. 17.

Warren B. Rudman, 82. Former U.S. senator who co-authored a budget balancing law, championed ethics and led a commission that predicted the danger of terrorist attacks years before 9/11. Nov. 19. Complications of lymphoma.

Art Ginsburg, 81. Delightfully dorky television chef known as Mr. Food. Nov. 21.

Ewarda O'Bara, 59. Miami woman who spent 42 years in a coma. Nov. 21.

Larry Hagman, 81. Actor whose predatory oil baron J.R. Ewing on television's nighttime soap opera "Dallas" became a symbol for 1980s greed. Nov. 23.

Hector "Macho" Camacho, 50. Puerto Rican boxer known for skill and flamboyance in the ring as well as for a messy personal life and run-ins with the police. Nov. 24. Gunshot.

Joseph E. Murray, 93. Doctor who performed the world's first successful kidney transplant and won a Nobel Prize. Nov. 26.

Marvin Miller, 95. Soft-spoken union head who led baseball players in strikes and legal battles that won free agency, revolutionized sports and turned athletes into multimillionaires. Nov. 27.

Zig Ziglar, 86. Motivational speaker who wrote more than 30 books and focused on positivity and leading a balanced life. Nov. 28.

Inder Kumar Gujral, 92. Former prime minister who sought to improve India's relations with its neighbors during a term in office of less than a year. Nov. 30.

DECEMBER:

Jack Brooks, 89. Longtime Texas congressman who was in the Dallas motorcade in 1963 when President John F. Kennedy was assassinated. Dec. 4.

Besse Cooper, 116. She had been listed as the world's oldest person. Dec. 4.

Dave Brubeck, 91. Jazz composer and pianist whose pioneering style in pieces such as "Take Five" caught listeners' ears with exotic, challenging rhythms. Dec. 5.

Ignatius Hazim, 92. Patriarch of a Damascus-based Eastern Orthodox Church. Dec. 5.

Oscar Niemeyer, 104. Architect who recreated Brazil's sensuous curves in concrete and built the capital of Brasilia as a symbol of the nation's future. Dec. 5.

Jenni Rivera, 43. California-born singer who became a superstar adored by millions in a male-dominated genre of Mexican-American music. Dec. 9. Plane crash.

Mary Ann Darling Fischer, 79. She gave birth to the U.S.'s first known surviving quintuplets in 1963 in an event that brought intense media interest in her family life. Dec. 9.

Norman Joseph Woodland, 91. He was the co-inventor of the bar code that labels nearly every product in stores and has boosted productivity in nearly every sector of commerce worldwide. Dec. 9.

Galina Vishnevskaya, 86. A world-renowned Russian opera diva who with her husband defied the Soviet regime to give shelter to writer Alexander Solzhenitsyn and suffered exile from her homeland. Dec. 11.

Ravi Shankar, 92. The sitar virtuoso who became a hippie musical icon of the 1960s after hobnobbing with the Beatles and who introduced traditional Indian ragas to Western audiences over an eight-decade career. Dec. 11.

Joe L. Allbritton, 87. He became one of Washington's most influential men through a media conglomerate of newspapers and television stations and a financial empire that once included Riggs Bank. Dec. 12.

Sheikh Abdessalam Yassine, 84. He was the charismatic religious leader of Morocco's largest opposition movement and longtime opponent of two Moroccan kings. Dec. 13.

Jack Hanlon, 96. He had roles in the 1926 silent classic "The General" and in two 1927 "Our Gang" comedies. Dec. 13.

Maurice Herzog, 93. He became the first person to scale an 8,000-meter peak but lost all his fingers and toes to frostbite on the way down. Dec. 14.

Daniel Inouye, 88. The Hawaii senator and influential Democrat who broke racial barriers on Capitol Hill and played key roles in congressional investigations of the Watergate and Iran-Contra scandals. Dec. 17.

Amnon Lipkin-Shahak, 68. A former Israeli military chief who later became a Cabinet minister. Dec. 19.

Robert H. Bork, 85. He stepped in to fire the Watergate prosecutor at President Richard Nixon's behest, and his failed 1980s nomination to the Supreme Court helped draw the modern boundaries of cultural fights over abortion, civil rights and other issues. Dec. 19.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/final-goodbye-roll-call-died-2012-215857723.html

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